Summary-Cynicism and Mistrust Tied to Early Death

Most of the researchers used to believe the Type A theory which concerns “Type A” people, those who work overly and always be under stress, were much likely to die from heart disease than “Type B” people who leaded more relaxed lives. However, the psychiatrist Dr. Redford B. Williams claims that hostility, rather than stress, leads to premature death. In addition, Dr. Williams’ works really disprove the previous hypothesis which cannot be proved by clear evidence even through series studies conducted in early 1980s. Based on Williams’ numerous studies on 118 lawyers, which lasted for 25 years, he finds out that those who received high scores on hostility traits were five times as likely to die before age 50 as classmates who were not hostile. Dr. Williams holds that the nervous system of nonhostile people acts like a “stop switch” to calm them down when they feel angry, however, the one of those hostile people does not works at the same way. The levels of adrenaline in their bodies remain high and the blood pressure rises greatly, which lead to damage of the heart and the blood vessels or even early death.